A mathematical model of brain glucose homeostasis

Mathematical Models and State Observation of the Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis

This paper explores the possibility of using an asymptotic state observer for the real-time reconstruction of insulin blood concentration in an individual by using only measurements of the glucose blood concentration. The interest in this topic relies on the fact that the glucose measurements are much more economical and faster then the insulin measurements. An algorithm providing reliable insu...

Brain glucose sensing, counterregulation, and energy homeostasis.

Neuronal circuits in the central nervous system play a critical role in orchestrating the control of glucose and energy homeostasis. Glucose, beside being a nutrient, is also a signal detected by several glucose-sensing units that are located at different anatomical sites and converge to the hypothalamus to cooperate with leptin and insulin in controlling the melanocortin pathway.

Gut-brain mechanisms controlling glucose homeostasis

Our current understanding of glucose homeostasis is centered on glucose-induced secretion of insulin from pancreatic islets and insulin action on glucose metabolism in peripheral tissues. In addition, however, recent evidence suggests that neurocircuits located within a brain-centered glucoregulatory system work cooperatively with pancreatic islets to promote glucose homeostasis. Among key obse...

Peripheral glucose homeostasis: does brain insulin matter?

Much controversy surrounds the relative role of insulin signaling in the brain in the control of hepatic glucose metabolism. In this issue of the JCI, Ramnanan and colleagues demonstrate that arterial infusion of insulin into the brains of dogs reduces net hepatic glucose output without altering endogenous glucose production. However, this effect was modest and required both prolonged fasting a...

A Mathematical Model of the Potassium Homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae